Incidental identification of a femoral arterial stent and vascular closure devices within the common femoral arteries: A cadaveric case report

Moultrie, GA

Introduction: The common femoral artery (CFA) is the most frequently accessed vessel for diagnostic angiography and endovascular interventions due to its superficial location, large caliber, and reliable anatomic landmarks. Ultrasound‑guided access has reduced complication rates, while vascular closure devices (VCDs) are routinely used to achieve hemostasis following catheterization to optimize recovery and allow early patient mobilization. Intraluminal stents and VCDs are both generally safe although they can alter local vascular anatomy. Cadaveric dissection provides a unique opportunity to identify these devices and assess their anatomic impact. During routine dissection of a 68‑year‑old White male donor, bilateral metallic structures were unexpectedly identified within the CFAs, prompting further examination.

Objective: Our goal is to describe the incidental identification of a left femoral arterial stent and right femoral vascular closure devices during cadaveric dissection, and to highlight their anatomic characteristics and clinical relevance.

Methods: During routine gross anatomy, the bilateral anterior thigh compartments were exposed using standard blunt and sharp techniques. The common femoral, deep femoral, and superficial femoral arteries were exposed and examined. A longitudinal incision of the left CFA was made to examine an intraluminal stent. The right CFA was inspected externally and internally to assess two metallic foreign bodies. All findings were photographed and measured when possible and then compared with known morphologies of endovascular devices.

Results: Dissection revealed a long, radially symmetric intraluminal metallic mesh within the left CFA, consistent with a self‑expanding femoral artery stent. The stent extended proximally within the vessel lumen and maintained a cylindrical lattice configuration. On the right CFA, two metallic structures were identified: one embedded within the arterial wall and another located superficially on the arterial surface without deep penetration. Their size, shape, and nitinol-based appearance were most consistent with components of a vascular closure device. No aneurysm, stenosis or gross fibrosis was observed, although mild deformation of the arterial wall was noted at the device sites.

Conclusion: This cadaveric case demonstrates the presence of a left intraluminal stent and two right‑sided vascular closure device components within the common femoral arteries. These findings emphasize the lasting anatomic impact of femoral arterial interventions and highlight the importance of recognizing device‑related alterations during surgical planning, vascular access, and anatomical education. Finding these devices incidentally in cadaveric donors reinforces the educational value of anatomical study. Although clinical history was not available for this donor, a reported history of smoking was noted which is a major risk factor for Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). When considered alongside the presence of a femoral arterial stent, this finding may suggest prior endovascular treatment for PAD.