Targeting resistance-nodulation division family efflux pumps in A. baumanii for new advances in antibiotic discovery
Location
Georgia
Start Date
12-5-2015 1:00 PM
Description
There has been a lack of new drugs and platforms of discovery and research has dramatically has slowed down in the research of antibiotics. As a family, gram-negative bacteria have long developed the ability to be multidrug resistant (MDR). The major focus of this review is to highlight discoveries in gram-negative bacterial pathogens, specifically Acinetobacter baumanii. A. Baumanii is one of many types of bacteria that have developed MDR and is a high occurrence in the countries of Iraq and Afghanistan, along with nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals. MDR in bacteria often occurs through either reduced permeability of the drug, increased efflux of the drug out of the cell, or through modification of antibiotic target receptors. Only recently has new antibiotic research focused on genetic modification of efflux pumps. In A. baumanii genes AdeABC and AdelJK may be involved in multidrug resistance via efflux pumps. Current research tends to focus on the resistance-nodulation division (RND) family efflux pump, often targeted with carbapanems, penicillin, cephalosporin, and aminoglycosides, which over time cause increased up regulation of efflux pumps in A. baumanii. More specifically there exists 22 additional genes that have been identified as RND family efflux pump modulators, and more study is needed to determine their effect in efflux pump regulation. Focusing on efflux pumps in gram-negative bacteria can provide a new platform for antibiotic discovery and could expedite the need for new broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Targeting resistance-nodulation division family efflux pumps in A. baumanii for new advances in antibiotic discovery
Georgia
There has been a lack of new drugs and platforms of discovery and research has dramatically has slowed down in the research of antibiotics. As a family, gram-negative bacteria have long developed the ability to be multidrug resistant (MDR). The major focus of this review is to highlight discoveries in gram-negative bacterial pathogens, specifically Acinetobacter baumanii. A. Baumanii is one of many types of bacteria that have developed MDR and is a high occurrence in the countries of Iraq and Afghanistan, along with nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals. MDR in bacteria often occurs through either reduced permeability of the drug, increased efflux of the drug out of the cell, or through modification of antibiotic target receptors. Only recently has new antibiotic research focused on genetic modification of efflux pumps. In A. baumanii genes AdeABC and AdelJK may be involved in multidrug resistance via efflux pumps. Current research tends to focus on the resistance-nodulation division (RND) family efflux pump, often targeted with carbapanems, penicillin, cephalosporin, and aminoglycosides, which over time cause increased up regulation of efflux pumps in A. baumanii. More specifically there exists 22 additional genes that have been identified as RND family efflux pump modulators, and more study is needed to determine their effect in efflux pump regulation. Focusing on efflux pumps in gram-negative bacteria can provide a new platform for antibiotic discovery and could expedite the need for new broad-spectrum antibiotics.