They Ought to Know: The Relationship Between Nondisclosure of Transgender Identity, Self States, and Suicidality
Date of Submission
2026
Degree Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
Department
Psychology
Department Chair
Stephanie Felgoise, PhD, ABPP
First Advisor
Stephen Poteau, PhD
Second Advisor
Donald Masey, PsyD
Third Advisor
Stephanie Yoder, PsyD
Abstract
Introduction. Transgender individuals face elevated risk for suicide attempts, suicide deaths, anxiety, depression, and other forms of psychological distress. Contributing factors include internal stressors such as gender dysphoria, self-stigma, and rejection, as well as external stressors like discrimination, social isolation, violence, bullying, and limited access to affirming healthcare. Psychological strain related to nondisclosure of transgender identity is especially relevant. Research suggests that identity concealment may create unique internal stressors due to misalignment among multiple “self-states.” Self-discrepancy theory proposes that greater gaps between actual, ideal, and ought selves are associated with reduced self-worth, emotional distress, maladaptive coping, interpersonal conflict, and motivational difficulties. Examining these discrepancies in relation to psychological and social adjustment offers a framework for understanding factors that shape transgender well-being and for identifying therapeutic strategies that promote congruence across self-states.
Objectives. This study examined the impact of transgender identity nondisclosure on psychological well-being. It evaluated whether concealment was associated with greater discrepancies between the actual and ought self and how these discrepancies related to suicidality, including suicidal ideation and attempts. The study also assessed perceived stigma as a potential moderator. Together, these factors were explored to clarify mechanisms underlying suicide risk and inform interventions aimed at risk reduction.
Methods. Transgender adults (18+) were recruited online to complete a survey assessing demographics, identity disclosure, suicidality, and internalized transphobia. An adapted Self-Discrepancies Scale measured discrepancies across self-states.
Discussion. Findings may inform identity-affirming, targeted interventions to reduce suicide risk and support psychological well-being among transgender adults.
Recommended Citation
Bailey, E, "They Ought to Know: The Relationship Between Nondisclosure of Transgender Identity, Self States, and Suicidality" (2026). PCOM Psychology Dissertations. 730.
https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/psychology_dissertations/730