Prolonged translation arrest in reperfused hippocampal cornu Ammonis 1 is mediated by stress granules

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2005

Abstract

Global brain ischemia and reperfusion cause phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a, a reversible event associated with neuronal translation inhibition. However, the selective vulnerability of cornu Ammonis (CA) 1 pyramidal neurons correlates with irreversible translation inhibition. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a also leads to the formation of stress granules, cytoplasmic foci containing, in part, components of the 48S pre-initiation complex and the RNA binding protein T cell internal antigen-1 (TIA-1). Stress granules are sites of translationally inactive protein synthesis machinery. Here we evaluated stress granules in rat hippocampal formation neurons after 10 min global brain ischemia and 10 min, 90 min or 4 h of reperfusion by double-labeling immunofluorescence for two stress granule components: small ribosomal subunit protein 6 and TIA-1. Stress granules in CA3, hilus and dentate gyrus, but not CA1, increased at 10 min reperfusion and returned to control levels by 90 min reperfusion. Dynamic changes in the nuclear distribution of TIA-1 occurred in resistant neurons. At 4 h reperfusion, small ribosomal subunit protein 6 was solely localized within stress granules only in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Both TIA-1 and small ribosomal subunit protein 6 levels decreased ~50% in hippocampus homogenates. Electron microscopy showed stress granules to be composed of electron dense bodies 100-200nm in diameter, that were not membrane bound, but were associated with endoplasmic reticulum. Alterations in stress granule behavior in CA1 pyramidal neurons provide a definitive mechanism for the continued inhibition of protein synthesis in reperfused CA1 pyramidal neurons following dephosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a. © 2005 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Publication Title

Neuroscience

Volume

134

Issue

4

First Page

1223

Last Page

1245

Comments

This article was published in Neuroscience, Volume 134, Issue 4, Pages 1223-1245.

The published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.047.

Copyright © 2005 IBRO.

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